try the olympic grip. Arms fully extended wrapping around bar.
Even with a wide grip the squat can be strenuous on your shoulders. You made the right move to switching to a front squat.
Another thing I would do when your shoulder feels better is doing lower reps.
^there are ways to prevent injury ie . wearing briefs, rotating squat variations, etc. doing shoulder rehab is a good idea also and prehab for lowerback/hips is always smart. 95% of the time most people get injured squatting because of bad form.
I won't be squatting for much longer. I don't know any of the old school guys who have been doing powerlifting for long who don't have major pain issues with their knees and backs. Fuck that. I want to be mobile when I'm older.