I didn't realise you would take my statement to the extreme but okay
A 1997 article titled "Meal frequency and energy balance" (Bellisle, McDevitt, Prentice) showed that meal pattern has no effect on bodyweight changes (bulk/cut) provided your calories are on the right side (surplus/deficit). So yes, you can still pack on the muscle in 1 meal (how comfortable you'll be is another story).
There is some evidence that consuming around 20g protein every 2-3 hours will help keep you in a positive protein balance ONLY if your protein intake is insufficient to begin with. So regular protein only helps if your overall intake is shit (terrible diet).
However, I will make one exception to my "nutrient timing doesn't matter" statement and that concerns workout timing. If your bulking the only reason "timing" will matter is if you train fasted and don't eat afterwards (why the fuck would you do this anyway?). There is evidence that the anabolic response after training is shut down if your in a fasted state and don't consume a meal between 1-3 hours after your workout (THIS ONLY APPLIES IF YOUR FASTED AND STAY FASTED AFTER, if you had a pre workout meal - the postworkout can be delayed further). I also suggest consuming some sort of protein/carb source before training because otherwise (as Dreday pointed out) the intensity suffers, so less gains.
So, to summarize....if your protein intake is sufficient and macros are on target, as long as your not training fasted & not eating anything aftwerwards - nutrient timing is completely irrelevant. So yes, if your 1 meal a day is a preworkout meal - your body recomposition results will be the same.
If anyone disagrees with this - show me some evidence and I'll happily consider it