Relevant Research
- Thread starter DocJ
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DocJ
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Int J Sports Med. 2007 Nov 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Abuse.
Bonetti A, Tirelli F, Catapano A, Dazzi D, Dei Cas A, Solito F, Ceda G, Reverberi C, Monica C, Pipitone S, Elia G, Spattini M, Magnati G.
Department of Clinical Science, Curriculum of Sports Science and Physical Exercise, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Long-term side effects of high doses of anabolic androgenic steroids self-administration were evaluated in this study. Twenty male bodybuilders, voluntarily starting steroid self-administration, were followed every 6 months over 2 years. Physical examination, haematological, metabolic and endocrine variables, semen analysis, hepatic and prostate ultrasound and echocardiographic evaluations were performed. LH values (baseline 3.43 +/- 1.75) were suppressed at 18 (1.98 +/- 1.99) (p = 0.026) and 24 (2.43 +/- 2.17) (p = 0.026), and FSH (3.95 +/- 2.01) at 6 (3.01 +/- 2.16) (p = 0.031), 12 (2.45 +/- 2.54) (p = 0.029), 18 (2.02 +/- 2.29) (p = 0.032) and 24 (3.42 +/- 2.64) (p = 0.032) months and SHBG (34.11 +/- 10.88) values significantly lowered at 12 (24.81 +/- 12.49) (p < 0.05), 18 (21.28 +/- 11.15) (p < 0.01), 24 months (25.42 +/- 11.16) (p < 0.01). A significant decrease in spermatozoa count (p < 0.01), and fertility index (p = 0.01) occurred. HDL-cholesterol (baseline 56.94 +/- 13.54) was reduced at 18 (41.86 +/- 14.17) (p < 0.01) and 24 (43.82 +/- 18.67) (p < 0.05) months and Apo A-1 at 12 (p < 0.001), 18 (p = 0.05) and 24 (p = 0.05) months. The most important long-term adverse effects were lower fertility and the impairment of lipid profile associated with an increased cardiovascular risk.
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DocJ's Take: A big drawback to this study is that the dosages used weren't controlled for at all d/t the fact that the researchers can't be directly controlling a substance that the subjects are using illegally. However, essentially this study confirmed many things we already knew. Steroids have mild, short term side effects that resolve very quickly after discontinuing use. Interestingly, while they did find lower sperm counts in the BB, the sperm motility was unaffected so yes, your boys are swimming and you can get your honey knocked up while "on."
Side Effects of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Abuse.
Bonetti A, Tirelli F, Catapano A, Dazzi D, Dei Cas A, Solito F, Ceda G, Reverberi C, Monica C, Pipitone S, Elia G, Spattini M, Magnati G.
Department of Clinical Science, Curriculum of Sports Science and Physical Exercise, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Long-term side effects of high doses of anabolic androgenic steroids self-administration were evaluated in this study. Twenty male bodybuilders, voluntarily starting steroid self-administration, were followed every 6 months over 2 years. Physical examination, haematological, metabolic and endocrine variables, semen analysis, hepatic and prostate ultrasound and echocardiographic evaluations were performed. LH values (baseline 3.43 +/- 1.75) were suppressed at 18 (1.98 +/- 1.99) (p = 0.026) and 24 (2.43 +/- 2.17) (p = 0.026), and FSH (3.95 +/- 2.01) at 6 (3.01 +/- 2.16) (p = 0.031), 12 (2.45 +/- 2.54) (p = 0.029), 18 (2.02 +/- 2.29) (p = 0.032) and 24 (3.42 +/- 2.64) (p = 0.032) months and SHBG (34.11 +/- 10.88) values significantly lowered at 12 (24.81 +/- 12.49) (p < 0.05), 18 (21.28 +/- 11.15) (p < 0.01), 24 months (25.42 +/- 11.16) (p < 0.01). A significant decrease in spermatozoa count (p < 0.01), and fertility index (p = 0.01) occurred. HDL-cholesterol (baseline 56.94 +/- 13.54) was reduced at 18 (41.86 +/- 14.17) (p < 0.01) and 24 (43.82 +/- 18.67) (p < 0.05) months and Apo A-1 at 12 (p < 0.001), 18 (p = 0.05) and 24 (p = 0.05) months. The most important long-term adverse effects were lower fertility and the impairment of lipid profile associated with an increased cardiovascular risk.
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DocJ's Take: A big drawback to this study is that the dosages used weren't controlled for at all d/t the fact that the researchers can't be directly controlling a substance that the subjects are using illegally. However, essentially this study confirmed many things we already knew. Steroids have mild, short term side effects that resolve very quickly after discontinuing use. Interestingly, while they did find lower sperm counts in the BB, the sperm motility was unaffected so yes, your boys are swimming and you can get your honey knocked up while "on."
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Nice Post Doc. Good idea on the stickie
DocJ
New member
Br J Sports Med. 2004 Jun;38(3):253-9.
Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids on apolipoproteins and lipoprotein (a).
Hartgens F, Rietjens G, Keizer HA, Kuipers H, Wolffenbuttel BH.
Netherlands Centre for Doping Affairs, Capelle aan den IJssel, The Netherlands. fhartgens@home.nl
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of two different regimens of androgenic-anabolic steroid (AAS) administration on serum lipid and lipoproteins, and recovery of these variables after drug cessation, as indicators of the risk for cardiovascular disease in healthy male strength athletes. METHODS: In a non-blinded study (study 1) serum lipoproteins and lipids were assessed in 19 subjects who self administered AASs for eight or 14 weeks, and in 16 non-using volunteers. In a randomised double blind, placebo controlled design, the effects of intramuscular administration of nandrolone decanoate (200 mg/week) for eight weeks on the same variables in 16 bodybuilders were studied (study 2). Fasting serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-cholesterol (HDL2-C), HDL3-cholesterol (HDL3-C), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined. RESULTS: In study 1 Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration led to decreases in serum concentrations of HDL-C (from 1.08 (0.30) to 0.43 (0.22) mmol/l), HDL2-C (from 0.21 (0.18) to 0.05 (0.03) mmol/l), HDL3-C (from 0.87 (0.24) to 0.40 (0.20) mmol/l, and Apo-A1 (from 1.41 (0.27) to 0.71 (0.34) g/l), whereas Apo-B increased from 0.96 (0.13) to 1.32 (0.28) g/l. Serum Lp(a) declined from 189 (315) to 32 (63) U/l. Total cholesterol and triglycerides did not change significantly. Alterations after eight and 14 weeks of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration were comparable. No changes occurred in the controls. Six weeks after Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) cessation, serum HDL-C, HDL2-C, Apo-A1, Apo-B, and Lp(a) had still not returned to baseline concentrations. Administration of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for 14 weeks was associated with slower recovery to pretreatment concentrations than administration for eight weeks. In study 2, nandrolone decanoate did not influence serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, Apo-A1, and Apo-B concentrations after four and eight weeks of intervention, nor six weeks after withdrawal. However, Lp(a) concentrations decreased significantly from 103 (68) to 65 (44) U/l in the nandrolone decanoate group, and in the placebo group a smaller reduction from 245 (245) to 201 (194) U/l was observed. Six weeks after the intervention period, Lp(a) concentrations had returned to baseline values in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Self administration of several AASs simultaneously for eight or 14 weeks produces comparable profound unfavorable effects on lipids and lipoproteins, leading to an increased atherogenic lipid profile, despite a beneficial effect on Lp(a) concentration. The changes persist after Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) withdrawal, and normalization depends on the duration of the drug abuse. Eight weeks of administration of nandrolone decanoate does not affect lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, although it may selectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations. The effect of this on atherogenesis remains to be established.
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DocJ’s Take: I didn’t see any record of what the “self administered” Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) subjects were actually taking which puts us at a slight disadvantage. Lp(a) is a very important marker in lipid profiles that is a strong indicator of how susceptible someone is to unfavorable lipid profiles. The fact that the self admin group had a crappy lipid profile but an improvement in Lp(a) is intriguing. It makes finding out what they were taking in their cycles even more important. The results from the nandrolone group aren’t surprising. The dose was low and nandrolone is a relatively safe Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) to begin with. It’s important to note that after 6 weeks the Lp(a) concentrations were back to normal which fall in line with the fact that negative effects from Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) do dissipate fairly quickly after cessation.
Effects of androgenic-anabolic steroids on apolipoproteins and lipoprotein (a).
Hartgens F, Rietjens G, Keizer HA, Kuipers H, Wolffenbuttel BH.
Netherlands Centre for Doping Affairs, Capelle aan den IJssel, The Netherlands. fhartgens@home.nl
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of two different regimens of androgenic-anabolic steroid (AAS) administration on serum lipid and lipoproteins, and recovery of these variables after drug cessation, as indicators of the risk for cardiovascular disease in healthy male strength athletes. METHODS: In a non-blinded study (study 1) serum lipoproteins and lipids were assessed in 19 subjects who self administered AASs for eight or 14 weeks, and in 16 non-using volunteers. In a randomised double blind, placebo controlled design, the effects of intramuscular administration of nandrolone decanoate (200 mg/week) for eight weeks on the same variables in 16 bodybuilders were studied (study 2). Fasting serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL2-cholesterol (HDL2-C), HDL3-cholesterol (HDL3-C), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1), apolipoprotein B (Apo-B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined. RESULTS: In study 1 Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration led to decreases in serum concentrations of HDL-C (from 1.08 (0.30) to 0.43 (0.22) mmol/l), HDL2-C (from 0.21 (0.18) to 0.05 (0.03) mmol/l), HDL3-C (from 0.87 (0.24) to 0.40 (0.20) mmol/l, and Apo-A1 (from 1.41 (0.27) to 0.71 (0.34) g/l), whereas Apo-B increased from 0.96 (0.13) to 1.32 (0.28) g/l. Serum Lp(a) declined from 189 (315) to 32 (63) U/l. Total cholesterol and triglycerides did not change significantly. Alterations after eight and 14 weeks of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration were comparable. No changes occurred in the controls. Six weeks after Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) cessation, serum HDL-C, HDL2-C, Apo-A1, Apo-B, and Lp(a) had still not returned to baseline concentrations. Administration of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for 14 weeks was associated with slower recovery to pretreatment concentrations than administration for eight weeks. In study 2, nandrolone decanoate did not influence serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, Apo-A1, and Apo-B concentrations after four and eight weeks of intervention, nor six weeks after withdrawal. However, Lp(a) concentrations decreased significantly from 103 (68) to 65 (44) U/l in the nandrolone decanoate group, and in the placebo group a smaller reduction from 245 (245) to 201 (194) U/l was observed. Six weeks after the intervention period, Lp(a) concentrations had returned to baseline values in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Self administration of several AASs simultaneously for eight or 14 weeks produces comparable profound unfavorable effects on lipids and lipoproteins, leading to an increased atherogenic lipid profile, despite a beneficial effect on Lp(a) concentration. The changes persist after Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) withdrawal, and normalization depends on the duration of the drug abuse. Eight weeks of administration of nandrolone decanoate does not affect lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, although it may selectively reduce Lp(a) concentrations. The effect of this on atherogenesis remains to be established.
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DocJ’s Take: I didn’t see any record of what the “self administered” Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) subjects were actually taking which puts us at a slight disadvantage. Lp(a) is a very important marker in lipid profiles that is a strong indicator of how susceptible someone is to unfavorable lipid profiles. The fact that the self admin group had a crappy lipid profile but an improvement in Lp(a) is intriguing. It makes finding out what they were taking in their cycles even more important. The results from the nandrolone group aren’t surprising. The dose was low and nandrolone is a relatively safe Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) to begin with. It’s important to note that after 6 weeks the Lp(a) concentrations were back to normal which fall in line with the fact that negative effects from Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) do dissipate fairly quickly after cessation.
Very interesting. Feel free to post up any non-steroid but anabolic-related articles, if u know what i mean.
DocJ
New member
Br J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;40(7):644-8. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
Homocysteine induced cardiovascular events: a consequence of long term anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse.
Graham MR, Grace FM, Boobier W, Hullin D, Kicman A, Cowan D, Davies B, Baker JS.
Department of Exercise and Health Science, School of Applied Science, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK. drgraham@glam.ac.uk
OBJECTIVES: The long term effects (>20 years) of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use on plasma concentrations of homocysteine (HCY), folate, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, urea, creatinine, haematocrit (HCT), vitamin B12, and urinary testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio, were examined in a cohort of self-prescribing bodybuilders. METHODS: Subjects (n = 40) were divided into four distinct groups: (1) Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users still using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (SU; n = 10); (2) Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users abstinent from Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration for 3 months (SA; n = 10); (3) non-drug using bodybuilding controls (BC; n = 10); and (4) sedentary male controls (SC; n = 10). RESULTS: HCY levels were significantly higher in SU compared with BC and SC (p<0.01), and with SA (p<0.05). Fat free mass was significantly higher in both groups of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users (p<0.01). Daily energy intake (kJ) and daily protein intake (g/day) were significantly higher in SU and SA (p<0.05) compared with BC and SC, but were unlikely to be responsible for the observed HCY increases. HCT concentrations were significantly higher in the SU group (p<0.01). A significant linear inverse relationship was observed in the SU group between SHBG and HCY (r = -0.828, p<0.01), indicating a possible influence of the sex hormones in determining HCY levels. CONCLUSIONS: With mounting evidence linking Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) to adverse effects on some clotting factors, the significantly higher levels of HCY and HCT observed in the SU group suggest long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users have increased risk of future thromboembolic events.
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DocJ’s Take: Again, we're not clued into the doses/types of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) being used here. Not a lot of surprises but for the love of God! Just shove some B-complex vitamins in these dudes during their cycle! Homocysteine levels can be controlled fairly quickly by this simple intervention.
Homocysteine induced cardiovascular events: a consequence of long term anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse.
Graham MR, Grace FM, Boobier W, Hullin D, Kicman A, Cowan D, Davies B, Baker JS.
Department of Exercise and Health Science, School of Applied Science, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK. drgraham@glam.ac.uk
OBJECTIVES: The long term effects (>20 years) of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use on plasma concentrations of homocysteine (HCY), folate, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, urea, creatinine, haematocrit (HCT), vitamin B12, and urinary testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio, were examined in a cohort of self-prescribing bodybuilders. METHODS: Subjects (n = 40) were divided into four distinct groups: (1) Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users still using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (SU; n = 10); (2) Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users abstinent from Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) administration for 3 months (SA; n = 10); (3) non-drug using bodybuilding controls (BC; n = 10); and (4) sedentary male controls (SC; n = 10). RESULTS: HCY levels were significantly higher in SU compared with BC and SC (p<0.01), and with SA (p<0.05). Fat free mass was significantly higher in both groups of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users (p<0.01). Daily energy intake (kJ) and daily protein intake (g/day) were significantly higher in SU and SA (p<0.05) compared with BC and SC, but were unlikely to be responsible for the observed HCY increases. HCT concentrations were significantly higher in the SU group (p<0.01). A significant linear inverse relationship was observed in the SU group between SHBG and HCY (r = -0.828, p<0.01), indicating a possible influence of the sex hormones in determining HCY levels. CONCLUSIONS: With mounting evidence linking Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) to adverse effects on some clotting factors, the significantly higher levels of HCY and HCT observed in the SU group suggest long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users have increased risk of future thromboembolic events.
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DocJ’s Take: Again, we're not clued into the doses/types of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) being used here. Not a lot of surprises but for the love of God! Just shove some B-complex vitamins in these dudes during their cycle! Homocysteine levels can be controlled fairly quickly by this simple intervention.
JACKDAROIDER
New member
INFORMATION PEOPLE NEED TO KNOW.
The government is now basing igf-1, igf-2 etc. with toxic salts that cause liver , kidney , and cancerous tumors ALL peptides should not be in a salt base but an acidic base. Most of these companies are not getting information from PHD -researchers. You need to know this!!!! it is a gfact thesether guy dont seem to know. For human use it cannot be based in this certain type of toxic salt which they are basing it in. Be careful. If you are skeptical ask a real peptide company. They will tell you out of their own mouths. Toxicity sides are the runs, nausia, vomiting consistantly, overall feeling of bad, heat flashes, and sometime hypoglacemia. Evey few days....etc It is to detour human use from the governement not wanting people abusing these items. SO I guess the US hates us so much from buying for cattle, that since they cannot change the laws they will try to kill you instead. You must custom synthesize all peptides for non toxicity. I know a lot of JOE BLOCKHEAD companies that are not aware of this.
Furthermore, this came from a PHD chemist who is dealing with reaserach on GHRP-6 all the time. ANYONE SALING THE DLYS GHRP6 has no knowledge. It is not compatible in the human body for subject testing for grants. Why, it will not work in the human body. Stated by National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD. Just because something works in a petrie dish under a microscope does not mean the human body will react or work the same....example is the supplement Chrysin. Under a microscope it shows unbelievable anti-estrogen properties. As soon as it entered in the human body it does nothing. I did go to college for this business, and I wish I would not be associated with these bodybuilding know it alls. Be careful these guys may get you sick.
Take care.....order away. ALL PEPTIDES ARE SYNTHESIZED NON TOXIC FOR YOU CONVENIENCE AND RESEARCH.
Please order away all problems are fixed.
Dave
Dave
The government is now basing igf-1, igf-2 etc. with toxic salts that cause liver , kidney , and cancerous tumors ALL peptides should not be in a salt base but an acidic base. Most of these companies are not getting information from PHD -researchers. You need to know this!!!! it is a gfact thesether guy dont seem to know. For human use it cannot be based in this certain type of toxic salt which they are basing it in. Be careful. If you are skeptical ask a real peptide company. They will tell you out of their own mouths. Toxicity sides are the runs, nausia, vomiting consistantly, overall feeling of bad, heat flashes, and sometime hypoglacemia. Evey few days....etc It is to detour human use from the governement not wanting people abusing these items. SO I guess the US hates us so much from buying for cattle, that since they cannot change the laws they will try to kill you instead. You must custom synthesize all peptides for non toxicity. I know a lot of JOE BLOCKHEAD companies that are not aware of this.
Furthermore, this came from a PHD chemist who is dealing with reaserach on GHRP-6 all the time. ANYONE SALING THE DLYS GHRP6 has no knowledge. It is not compatible in the human body for subject testing for grants. Why, it will not work in the human body. Stated by National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD. Just because something works in a petrie dish under a microscope does not mean the human body will react or work the same....example is the supplement Chrysin. Under a microscope it shows unbelievable anti-estrogen properties. As soon as it entered in the human body it does nothing. I did go to college for this business, and I wish I would not be associated with these bodybuilding know it alls. Be careful these guys may get you sick.
Take care.....order away. ALL PEPTIDES ARE SYNTHESIZED NON TOXIC FOR YOU CONVENIENCE AND RESEARCH.
Please order away all problems are fixed.
Dave
Dave
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DocJ
New member
Life Sci. 2001 Mar 2;68(15):1769-74.
Effect of androgenic anabolic steroids on sperm quality and serum hormone levels in adult male bodybuilders.
Torres-Calleja J, González-Unzaga M, DeCelis-Carrillo R, Calzada-Sánchez L, Pedrón N.
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, DF.
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the administration of high doses of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) on endocrine and semen parameters. Thirty volunteering bodybuilders were studied (ages ranging between 26.6 +/- 4.1 years). A history of anabolic steroid administration was recorded for fifteen subjects, and results of semen analysis and endocrine parameters were compared with data from fifteen bodybuilders not using steroids. In those subjects using AAS, eight had sperm counts under the lower normal limit (20 x 10(6) sperm/ml), three had azoospermia, two polyzoospermia, and two had normal sperm counts. The percentage of morphologically normal sperm was significantly reduced, only 17.7% had normal spermatozoa. In the control group, only one subject had oligozoospermia. The hormonal parameters revealed reduced FSH (1.5 +/- 3.2 vs 5.0 +/- 1.6, p < 0.001) and PRL (5.1 +/- 4.9 vs 9.2 +/- 4.4, p < 0.01) levels. LH, T, E2 and DHEA levels did not vary.
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DocJ’s Take: Can you get your woman pregnant while on cycle? Yes. Is the likelihood greatly reduced? Yes.
Effect of androgenic anabolic steroids on sperm quality and serum hormone levels in adult male bodybuilders.
Torres-Calleja J, González-Unzaga M, DeCelis-Carrillo R, Calzada-Sánchez L, Pedrón N.
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, DF.
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the administration of high doses of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) on endocrine and semen parameters. Thirty volunteering bodybuilders were studied (ages ranging between 26.6 +/- 4.1 years). A history of anabolic steroid administration was recorded for fifteen subjects, and results of semen analysis and endocrine parameters were compared with data from fifteen bodybuilders not using steroids. In those subjects using AAS, eight had sperm counts under the lower normal limit (20 x 10(6) sperm/ml), three had azoospermia, two polyzoospermia, and two had normal sperm counts. The percentage of morphologically normal sperm was significantly reduced, only 17.7% had normal spermatozoa. In the control group, only one subject had oligozoospermia. The hormonal parameters revealed reduced FSH (1.5 +/- 3.2 vs 5.0 +/- 1.6, p < 0.001) and PRL (5.1 +/- 4.9 vs 9.2 +/- 4.4, p < 0.01) levels. LH, T, E2 and DHEA levels did not vary.
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DocJ’s Take: Can you get your woman pregnant while on cycle? Yes. Is the likelihood greatly reduced? Yes.
DocJ
New member
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Feb;84(2-3):369-75.
Reversibility of the effects on blood cells, lipids, liver function and hormones in former anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers.
Urhausen A, Torsten A, Wilfried K.
Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, University of Saarland, Germany. a.urhausen@rz.uni-sb.de
BACKGROUND: In contrast to the acute effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse, the long-term risk profile of former long-term abusers (ExA) is less clear. METHODS: Blood parameters of 32 male bodybuilders and powerlifters were studied. Fifteen ExA had not been abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for at least 12-43 months on average (mean dosage 700 mg for 26 weeks per year over 9 years), 17 athletes (A) were still abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (750 mg for 33 weeks per 8 years). FINDINGS: Hemoglobin (+5%), leucocytes (+33%) and platelets (+38%) were significantly higher in A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were higher, cholinesterase activity (CHE) lower in A (65+/-55, 38+/-27 and 3719+/-1528U/l) compared to ExA (24+/-10, 18+/-11 and 6345+/-975U/l; each P<0.001) with normal values for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and bilirubin. ALT, AST and CHE correlated significantly with the extent (duration and weekly dosage, expressed as a point score) of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse in A (r=0.68, 0.57 and -0.62; each P<0.01). Total and LDL-cholesterol were similar, HDL-cholesterol was distinctly lower in A than in ExA (17+/-11 and 43+/-11 mg/dl; P<0.001) and correlated negatively with the extent of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse (r=-0.50; P<0.05). Testosterone and estradiol were significantly higher, while LH, FSH and the sexual-hormone-binding (SHB) protein were lower in A than in ExA (each P<0.001). Two ExA had testosterone levels below the normal range. INTERPRETATION: The alterations in cell counts, HDL-cholesterol, liver function and most hormones of the pituitary-testicular axis induced by a long-term abuse of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) were reversible after stopping the medication for over 1 year. In some ExA, an increased ALT activity and a depressed testosterone synthesis were found.
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DocJ’s Take: “Abusers” is obviously subjective here but we’ll give them the benefit of the doubt. Bottom line is that the body recovers from the short term side effects of cycling even with long term use. However, I believe it’s safe to assume that this is dose and time dependent, this isn’t an excuse to be reckless.
Reversibility of the effects on blood cells, lipids, liver function and hormones in former anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers.
Urhausen A, Torsten A, Wilfried K.
Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, University of Saarland, Germany. a.urhausen@rz.uni-sb.de
BACKGROUND: In contrast to the acute effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse, the long-term risk profile of former long-term abusers (ExA) is less clear. METHODS: Blood parameters of 32 male bodybuilders and powerlifters were studied. Fifteen ExA had not been abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for at least 12-43 months on average (mean dosage 700 mg for 26 weeks per year over 9 years), 17 athletes (A) were still abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (750 mg for 33 weeks per 8 years). FINDINGS: Hemoglobin (+5%), leucocytes (+33%) and platelets (+38%) were significantly higher in A. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were higher, cholinesterase activity (CHE) lower in A (65+/-55, 38+/-27 and 3719+/-1528U/l) compared to ExA (24+/-10, 18+/-11 and 6345+/-975U/l; each P<0.001) with normal values for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and bilirubin. ALT, AST and CHE correlated significantly with the extent (duration and weekly dosage, expressed as a point score) of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse in A (r=0.68, 0.57 and -0.62; each P<0.01). Total and LDL-cholesterol were similar, HDL-cholesterol was distinctly lower in A than in ExA (17+/-11 and 43+/-11 mg/dl; P<0.001) and correlated negatively with the extent of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse (r=-0.50; P<0.05). Testosterone and estradiol were significantly higher, while LH, FSH and the sexual-hormone-binding (SHB) protein were lower in A than in ExA (each P<0.001). Two ExA had testosterone levels below the normal range. INTERPRETATION: The alterations in cell counts, HDL-cholesterol, liver function and most hormones of the pituitary-testicular axis induced by a long-term abuse of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) were reversible after stopping the medication for over 1 year. In some ExA, an increased ALT activity and a depressed testosterone synthesis were found.
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DocJ’s Take: “Abusers” is obviously subjective here but we’ll give them the benefit of the doubt. Bottom line is that the body recovers from the short term side effects of cycling even with long term use. However, I believe it’s safe to assume that this is dose and time dependent, this isn’t an excuse to be reckless.
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gator_mclusky
Man on a Mission
Interesting stuff and great idea Doc!
gator
gator
DocJ
New member
Heart. 2004 May;90(5):496-501.
Are the cardiac effects of anabolic steroid abuse in strength athletes reversible?
Urhausen A, Albers T, Kindermann W.
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, University of Saarland Saarbruecken, Germany. a.urhausen@rz.uni-sb.de
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reversibility of adverse cardiovascular effects after chronic abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) in athletes. METHODS: Doppler echocardiography and cycle ergometry including measurements of blood pressure at rest and during exercise were undertaken in 32 bodybuilders or powerlifters, including 15 athletes who had not been taking Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for at least 12 months (ex-users) and 17 currently abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (users), as well as in 15 anabolic-free weightlifters. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure was higher in users (mean (SD) 140 (10) mm Hg) than in ex-users (130 (5) mm Hg) (p < 0.05) or weightlifters (125 (10) mm Hg; p < 0.001). Left ventricular muscle mass related to fat-free body mass and the ratio of mean left ventricular wall thickness to internal diameter were not significantly higher in users (3.32 (0.48) g/kg and 42.1 (4.4)%) than in ex-users (3.16 (0.53) g/kg and 40.3 (3.8)%), but were lower in weightlifters (2.43 (0.26) g/kg and 36.5 (4.0)%; p < 0.001). Left ventricular wall thickness related to fat-free body mass was also lower in weightlifters, but did not differ between users and ex-users. Left ventricular wall thickness was correlated with a point score estimating Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse in users (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). In all groups, systolic left ventricular function was within the normal range. The maximum late transmitral Doppler flow velocity (Amax) was higher in users (61 (12) cm/s) and ex-users (60 (12) cm/s) than in weightlifters (50 (9) cm/s; p < 0.05 and p = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS: Several years after discontinuation of anabolic steroid abuse, strength athletes still show a slight concentric left ventricular hypertrophy in comparison with AAS-free strength athletes.
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DocJ’s Take: Honestly ladies and gents, this is a tad disturbing. Ventricular hypertrophy (enlarged heart) is the main concern I have with long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) cycling. How do we increase our chances of avoiding this? 1) always include some kind of cardio in your overall training routine and 2) keep your blood pressure under control while “on.”
Are the cardiac effects of anabolic steroid abuse in strength athletes reversible?
Urhausen A, Albers T, Kindermann W.
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, University of Saarland Saarbruecken, Germany. a.urhausen@rz.uni-sb.de
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reversibility of adverse cardiovascular effects after chronic abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) in athletes. METHODS: Doppler echocardiography and cycle ergometry including measurements of blood pressure at rest and during exercise were undertaken in 32 bodybuilders or powerlifters, including 15 athletes who had not been taking Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) for at least 12 months (ex-users) and 17 currently abusing Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) (users), as well as in 15 anabolic-free weightlifters. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure was higher in users (mean (SD) 140 (10) mm Hg) than in ex-users (130 (5) mm Hg) (p < 0.05) or weightlifters (125 (10) mm Hg; p < 0.001). Left ventricular muscle mass related to fat-free body mass and the ratio of mean left ventricular wall thickness to internal diameter were not significantly higher in users (3.32 (0.48) g/kg and 42.1 (4.4)%) than in ex-users (3.16 (0.53) g/kg and 40.3 (3.8)%), but were lower in weightlifters (2.43 (0.26) g/kg and 36.5 (4.0)%; p < 0.001). Left ventricular wall thickness related to fat-free body mass was also lower in weightlifters, but did not differ between users and ex-users. Left ventricular wall thickness was correlated with a point score estimating Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) abuse in users (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). In all groups, systolic left ventricular function was within the normal range. The maximum late transmitral Doppler flow velocity (Amax) was higher in users (61 (12) cm/s) and ex-users (60 (12) cm/s) than in weightlifters (50 (9) cm/s; p < 0.05 and p = 0.054). CONCLUSIONS: Several years after discontinuation of anabolic steroid abuse, strength athletes still show a slight concentric left ventricular hypertrophy in comparison with AAS-free strength athletes.
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DocJ’s Take: Honestly ladies and gents, this is a tad disturbing. Ventricular hypertrophy (enlarged heart) is the main concern I have with long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) cycling. How do we increase our chances of avoiding this? 1) always include some kind of cardio in your overall training routine and 2) keep your blood pressure under control while “on.”
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DocJ
New member
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Jan;37(1):224-30.
Androgenic anabolic steroids and arterial structure and function in male bodybuilders.
Sader MA, Griffiths KA, McCredie RJ, Handelsman DJ, Celermajer DS.
Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: The study examined arterial and cardiac structure and function in bodybuilders using androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), compared to non-steroid-using bodybuilder controls. BACKGROUND: Adverse cardiovascular events have been reported in bodybuilders taking anabolic steroids. The cardiovascular effects of AAS, however, have not been investigated in detail. METHODS: We recruited 20 male bodybuilders (aged 35 +/- 3 years), 10 actively using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) and 10 who denied ever using steroids. Serum lipid and hormone levels, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), arterial reactivity, and left ventricular (LV) dimensions were measured. Vessel diameter was measured by ultrasound at rest, during reactive hyperemia (an endothelium-dependent response, leading to flow-mediated dilation, FMD), and after sublingual nitroglycerin (GTN, an endothelium-independent dilator). Arterial reactivity was also measured in 10 age-matched non-bodybuilding sedentary controls. RESULTS: Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) was associated with significant decreases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol, sex hormone binding globulin, testosterone and gonadotrophin levels, and significant increases in LV mass and self-reported physical strength (p < 0.05). Carotid IMT (0.60 +/- 0.04 mm vs. 0.63 +/- 0.07 mm), arterial FMD (4.7 +/- 1.4% vs. 4.1 +/- 0.7%) and GTN responses (11.0 +/- 1.9% vs. 14.4 +/- 1.7%) were similar in both bodybuilding groups (p > 0.2). The GTN responses were significantly lower and carotid IMT significantly higher in both bodybuilding groups, however, compared with the non-bodybuilding sedentary controls (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Although high-level bodybuilding is associated with impaired vascular reactivity and increased arterial thickening, the use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) per se is not associated with significant abnormalities of arterial structure or function.
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DocJ’s Take: While the conclusions of this study are positive, they’re only measuring this over the short term. What we’re concerned with here is that when an artery becomes thickened, it becomes less elastic/flexible which causes problems with cardiac function. I suspect if a long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) user who doesn’t control their blood pressure and cholesterol levels while on cycle will have a greater likelihood of eventually developing these issues with their arteries.
Androgenic anabolic steroids and arterial structure and function in male bodybuilders.
Sader MA, Griffiths KA, McCredie RJ, Handelsman DJ, Celermajer DS.
Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
OBJECTIVES: The study examined arterial and cardiac structure and function in bodybuilders using androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), compared to non-steroid-using bodybuilder controls. BACKGROUND: Adverse cardiovascular events have been reported in bodybuilders taking anabolic steroids. The cardiovascular effects of AAS, however, have not been investigated in detail. METHODS: We recruited 20 male bodybuilders (aged 35 +/- 3 years), 10 actively using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) and 10 who denied ever using steroids. Serum lipid and hormone levels, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), arterial reactivity, and left ventricular (LV) dimensions were measured. Vessel diameter was measured by ultrasound at rest, during reactive hyperemia (an endothelium-dependent response, leading to flow-mediated dilation, FMD), and after sublingual nitroglycerin (GTN, an endothelium-independent dilator). Arterial reactivity was also measured in 10 age-matched non-bodybuilding sedentary controls. RESULTS: Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) was associated with significant decreases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol, sex hormone binding globulin, testosterone and gonadotrophin levels, and significant increases in LV mass and self-reported physical strength (p < 0.05). Carotid IMT (0.60 +/- 0.04 mm vs. 0.63 +/- 0.07 mm), arterial FMD (4.7 +/- 1.4% vs. 4.1 +/- 0.7%) and GTN responses (11.0 +/- 1.9% vs. 14.4 +/- 1.7%) were similar in both bodybuilding groups (p > 0.2). The GTN responses were significantly lower and carotid IMT significantly higher in both bodybuilding groups, however, compared with the non-bodybuilding sedentary controls (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Although high-level bodybuilding is associated with impaired vascular reactivity and increased arterial thickening, the use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) per se is not associated with significant abnormalities of arterial structure or function.
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DocJ’s Take: While the conclusions of this study are positive, they’re only measuring this over the short term. What we’re concerned with here is that when an artery becomes thickened, it becomes less elastic/flexible which causes problems with cardiac function. I suspect if a long term Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) user who doesn’t control their blood pressure and cholesterol levels while on cycle will have a greater likelihood of eventually developing these issues with their arteries.
DocJ
New member
Br J Sports Med. 2004 Feb;38(1):97-8.
Raised concentrations of C reactive protein in anabolic steroid using bodybuilders.
Grace FM, Davies B.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK. fgrace2@glam.ac.uk
OBJECTIVE: To examine levels of C reactive protein in users of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) compared with age matched control groups consisting of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using (but abstinent)/resistance trained and non-drug using/sedentary controls. METHOD: Subjects included Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders (n = 10); bodybuilders who denied Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) use (n = 10); sedentary controls (n = 8). Venous blood was sampled, from which serum concentrations of C reactive protein, male sex hormones, and cardiac troponin T were determined. RESULTS: A significantly altered hormonal profile in the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using group provided indirect confirmation of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) use. C reactive protein concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders. There was no relation between C reactive protein and cardiac troponin T. CONCLUSION: Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders had significantly higher C reactive protein concentrations, indicating a greater propensity to develop peripheral arterial disease.
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DocJ’s Take: This one’s a big deal IMO. C-reactive protein (CRP) has to do with overall systemic inflammation. There’s also theories that it promotes glycosylation which leads to advanced glycation end products (AGE). Here’s what you need to know: both system inflammation and AGEs are two of the leading indicators in evaluating the aging process. In other words, the more we control these two things the more likely we are to slow the aging process (in theory). Omega-3 fish oils are very good at controlling systemic inflammation and carnosine is very good at preventing AGEs.
Raised concentrations of C reactive protein in anabolic steroid using bodybuilders.
Grace FM, Davies B.
Department of Health and Exercise Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK. fgrace2@glam.ac.uk
OBJECTIVE: To examine levels of C reactive protein in users of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) compared with age matched control groups consisting of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using (but abstinent)/resistance trained and non-drug using/sedentary controls. METHOD: Subjects included Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders (n = 10); bodybuilders who denied Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) use (n = 10); sedentary controls (n = 8). Venous blood was sampled, from which serum concentrations of C reactive protein, male sex hormones, and cardiac troponin T were determined. RESULTS: A significantly altered hormonal profile in the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using group provided indirect confirmation of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) use. C reactive protein concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders. There was no relation between C reactive protein and cardiac troponin T. CONCLUSION: Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) using bodybuilders had significantly higher C reactive protein concentrations, indicating a greater propensity to develop peripheral arterial disease.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DocJ’s Take: This one’s a big deal IMO. C-reactive protein (CRP) has to do with overall systemic inflammation. There’s also theories that it promotes glycosylation which leads to advanced glycation end products (AGE). Here’s what you need to know: both system inflammation and AGEs are two of the leading indicators in evaluating the aging process. In other words, the more we control these two things the more likely we are to slow the aging process (in theory). Omega-3 fish oils are very good at controlling systemic inflammation and carnosine is very good at preventing AGEs.
good info in this thread.
is there any way to find out what hormone was used in the study?
i noticed after each test cycle my skin looks a big more aged, and i have a few more grey hairs
some how i dont know if fish oils will be enough, but even more of a reason to try gh in the future
DocJ
New member
No they don't specify and it's a shame b/c that could be useful info but alas, they don't design these studies to benefit Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users
For example, I would assume that oral Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) would raise CRP levels greater than injectables.Similar threads
