55+ and still going ... good
yes, they can detect not only the ester - they can look at liver enzymes (all kinds) to detect exogenous use of steroid - they can run immuno-assay tests....all kinds of metabolites and ratios etc...
If it's international competition CYP they'll find REALLY easy ... the best chance you have is testosterone in water - no ester - taken in MODERATE dosages so as NOT to blow ratios out of proportion. But your usage would have to be something like 1/8ml (100mg/mL) per day Sub-q to keep test levels around 600ng/dL.
HCG is also NOT allowed and tested for... but for international competitions EVERYTHING is tested - from diuretics, to Aromatase inhibitor (AI), to steroids, hell, they will even look at your RBC count and SIZE !!
But, they might even be able to detect water test by looking at other substances used to make the powder .... this has to be a tried and tested scenario.
I am PRETTY sure that for fighting the testing is a LOT LESS STRINGENT.