I fight the exact injury you describe. Too much weight while the bar was a bit too far from the legs. If the weight's center of gravity is not above your toes (at a minimum) during the lift, you're gonna get injured on the heavy lifts.
Here's how i've resolved the problem.
Deadlift with large dumbells. I use 150s. Grab them at the sides of your feet and lift them like you're pulling up your pants .. right along the legs. Your hands are in a much stronger position as well with the palms facing in. This lift isolates the center mid and lower back incredibly well and places minimal stress on the bottom of my spine. If you need to lift more weight, i'd wait until you fully heal up, which may take months. But you can still really hit it hard using DBs.